Refrigerating apparatus



Oct. 25, 1932. H, B. HULL 1,883,920

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed April 13, 1927 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 25, 1932.

H. B. HULL REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Oct. 25, 1932. H. B. HULL 1,883,920

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed April 13. 192'? 8Sheets-Sheet 4 /ao /77-*1 55 e /a zal /76 20/ /f7 fof r081.281.932. l H,B HULL V 1,883,920

REFRIGERA'ING APPARATUS Filed April 13, 1827 Y 8 sheets-'sheet 5 @227.11 L JWM =r MW,

@$18 SPMQ'MHWMF @im ha Sktozneg".

Oct. 25, 1932. H, B, HULL 1,883,920

REFRI GERAT ING APPARATUS Filed April 13, 1927 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 /vze s /g 0 /04 7 zas 205 amante@ -MWA we 4 wf SwwW-mw Y m I. @M101 new.

oct. 25, 1932. y H, B. HULL' 1,883,920

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed April 13. 1927 8 .Sheets-Sheet 7 zza 23p 233 2,2/ l f z lw-M H. B.' HULL 1,883,92Q

REFRIGERATING PPARATUS Oct. 25, 1932.

Filed April 1s. 1927 e sheets-sheet 8 CTI Patented Oct. 25, 193:2l

UNITED srxrlas PATENT OFFICE- HARRY B. HULL, F DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO FRIGIDAIRE CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE REFRIGEATING APPARATUS The present invention relates to refrigerators and more particularly to the type of refrigerators having a cooling unit located, within a refrigerator cabmet and connected` with refrigerant circulating apparatus.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide for the construction of the refrigerator as two lmaj or subassembly, namely a cabinet and the refrigerating apparatus, the apparatus being adapted to be attached to the finished cabinet as an assembly. The aapparatus assembly also includes a wall which, when the apparatus is assembled with the cabinet, provides a partition for dividing the cabinet into a food compartment and a cooling compartment. Thisl partition wall is also arranged to provide a base for the apparatus' upon which the apparatus may rest when it is not assembled with the cabinet.

Another object of the present invention is to provide for the quick freezing or .congealing of water or other substances while maintaining the storage or food compartment at a desired temperature. One manner of carrying out this object is to utilize a portion of the unit for cooling circulating air and an other portion for freezing and congealing and to insulate and isolate this latter portie from the circulating air.

A further object of the invention is to prevent air which has been heated by the condenser, from entering the food compartment when the door of said compartment is open. This object is carried out bydirecting the warm air away from the front or door side of the refrigerator.

A still further ob] ect is-to increase the eiiciency of the refrigerating system, particularly when the refrigerator eis subject to a relatively warm environment and to provide means for automatically governing the system to lfunction desirably throughout changing environment temperatures while insuring quick freezing at all times.

Another object is to .reduce the cost of manufacture and facilitate the construction of the condenser and receiver utilized in the refrigerating system. p

Further objects andadvantages of the present. invention will be apparent from the fol- 3 3 of Fig. 4..

lowing description, reference being hadvto i the accompanying drawings, wherein a pre ferred form of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a front view of the improved refrigerator.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of a refrigerator showing the top cover removed.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the refrgerating apparatus together with a longitudinal sectional view of the upper part of the refrigerator cabinet, the section being taken on line Fig. 4 is a side view of the refrigerating apparatus looking in the direction of arrow 4 in Fig. 3, and a sectional view of the upper part of the cabinet, the section being taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line' 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a. fragmentary View looking in the direction of arrow 6 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on a larger scale taken on line 7-7 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a rear view of the evaporator and a fragmentary sectional view of the cabinet, the section being taken on line 8-8 of Fig'. 4.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view 10-10 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on line 11-11 of Fig. 3.-

Fig. 12 is a front view of the refrigerating apparatus removed from the cabinet.

Fi-g. 13 is a fragmentary View looking in the direction of arrow 13 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a side viewof the controller used in the refrigerator showing parts thereof in section.

Fig. 15 is a sectional view taken on line 15-15 of Fig. 14..

Fig. 16 is aview looking in the direction of arrow 16 of Fig. 14.'

Fig. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of Referring to the drawings, there is shown I a cabinet 20 of box-like structure comprismg a refrigerting compartment 21 and a l -24-and' is operatively connected with a switch 31 for starting and stopping the driving motor 26iin response to the temperature of the cooling unit 24 and compartment 21.

Referring more in detail to' the drawings, the cabinet includes front osts 35 and 36 and vrear posts 37 vand38. A rame com ris-A ing front rail 40, rear rail 41, side rai s 42 Y and 43 are suitably secured to the front posts intermediate the top and bottom of said posts. A similar frame (not shown) is provided near the Abottom of the cabinet. Rails 45 and 46 are .secured respectively along the posts 35 and 36 and these rails co-operate with rail to provide a door frame having adoor opening 50. A door 51 is hinged to the rail 46 and the post 36 'and is adapted to close said board`56'is arranged between osts 36 andv opening 50 and has a sheet metal sheath 52.

'An open-front and open-top metal lining 54 is sultably secured to the side rails 45 and 46 and -to the top rails 40 and 43. Insulating material such as cork-board 55 is arranged between posts 35'and37 and along one side of the lining 54. A similar cork- 38 along the opposite side of t e lining 54. The back of the lining is covered with corkboard 57 ,and it is to be understood that the bottomA of said lining is alsocovered with cork-board. Posts 61 and 62 are secured to and arranged parallel with posts 37 and 38 (see'Fig. 11). By arranging posts 61 and 62 as shown, rectangular shaped cork-board 57 without offset may be used. A sheet metal front 64 covers the front of they cabinet 20 and is coextensive with the machine compartment 22. Sheet metal sides 65 and 66 cover the entire sides of the cabinet 20 and a sheet metal backA 67 covers the insulation 57 and extends only to the machine compartment 22,

the backl of said compartment being open. Angle strips 69 cover the adjoining edges of said sheet metal'. The cabinet herein shown is substantially the, same as that shown in my copending application, Ser. No. 147,862, filed November 12, 1926.

The refrigerating apparatus for cooling the compartment v21 is constructed as a suby assembly which can be attached to and removed from the structure 20 as a unit. This assembly or unitary. structure includes the lating materiabsuch as cork-board is carried within these frames. plate 82 is secured onthe under side of rails A sheet metal 'i 7 6 and 79. This plate forms the top wall of the'compartment 21 and is utilized to assist in maintaining the cork-board 80 in position.

Rails 71\ and 74 rest respectively on rails 40 and 43, there bein strips of Isoft insulating material such as a elt gasket 83 disposed between said rails to seal the joint.

The compressor 25 and the motor'26 are carried by a base 85. This base includes parallel extending angle irons 86 and 87,

which are connected by cross bars or strips 88 and 89. These cross bars are formed in-the shape of a U and the lower portionsof each are bent upwardly as at 90. Portions 90 are perforated to receive bolts 91 and 92 respectively. A motor base.plate 94 is suitably se cured to angle irons 86 and 87 by bolts 95. 'This motor mounting includes rubber bushings 96 which receive ka rod 97. A U-shaped v bracket 98 is, carried by the rod 97 and supports the motor 26 and the bushings 96 are maintained in ostion by retainers 99 which are securedto t e plate 94. By virtue of this construction the rod 97 and likewise the motor 26 pivot about the bushings 95 and 96.

The 'compressor herein v'shown is substantially the same as that shown in my copending application, Serial No. 179,955, filed March 31, 1927. The crankcase 100 of the compressor 25 is provided with loutwardly extending lugs 101 by which it is secured. to the angle irons 86 and 87. These lugs are disposed adjacnt the crankshaft 103 of the compressor so as to minimize vibration.y The rear end of the motor 2,6 carries the fan 28 and a pulley 105 and the rear end of the compressor 25 carries a pulley 104; these pulleys areconnected with a-belt 106. A portion of the cork 80 and the rail 73 are cut away to provide clearance for the flywheel 104. One end of a. brace 102 is secured to the crankcase of the compressor by a Icompressor mount-4 ing 4 bolt and the other end thereof extends within a bushing ofI shock absorbing materia-l such as rubber 107. This bushingis carried by a bracket 107 which is secured to the motor 26. Nuts 107?) on the threaded brace 102 and on opposite sides of the bushing 107u provide means for positioning the motor to adjust the' belt tension and hold said motor in the adjusted position. The rubber bushing 107 absorbs vibrations and thereby prevents transmission of vibration from the motor to the base 5.5.

The base 85 and the apparatus carried I' Y are suspended from a floating support at-the center of oscillation of such apparatus. This support includes a metal plate 108 which is secured to rails 71 and 72. A bracket 109 (see Fig. 5) issecured to the plate by rivets\/be limited 110. ,This bracket extends upwardly and is provided withoutwardly extending arms 1 11v and 112. Springs 113 and 114 depend, respectively, from the arms 111 and 112 and the spring 113 isconnected with the angle iron 86 by a. short strip 116, while the spring 114 is connected with an c 'ar 117 secured to the angle iron 87 by an adjustable bolt 115.,

For various reasons, in the present case, the center of oscillation and the center of gravity of the apparatus are not coincident. T herefore, it is necessary to provide balancing means in orderl to prevent the apparatus from turning about the center or oscillation. In the present instance there is a greater mass oni the compressor side of the center of oscilla tion than on the motor side, therefore, balancing means are necessary for-upholding the compressor end. kThis balancing means is clearly shown in Fig. 4 in which the angle irons 86 and 87 carry upwardly extending ears 118. A sleeve 119 is adjustably carrieCLJ by the upwardly extendingbolt 92and is provided with a slot.which:receives aspring clip 120. A spring 121 is connected with one end of the clip 120 and with one of the ears 118 and a similar spring is connected aty the other end of the clip 120'and with the -other ear 118. rl`he upper endofthg sleeve 119 extends a substantial-distance above the connecting point of springs 121 with theA ears 118,7and by virtue of this construction the compressor end of the apparatus is suspended to a certain degree by the springs 121. Due to the fact thatthe springs 'are connected at a center point and extend laterally, thereby yieldingly limiting the lateral movement of the apparatus. y

At the opposite end of the frame 85 additional means are provided for limiting -the lateral movement of the apparatus. Springs 125 are connected with the post-s. 91 which are disposed intermediate the rames`86 and -87 and the other` ends of these springs are connected with ears 127 which are carried respectively by angle irons 86 and 87.

At starting, due to the torque of the motor and due to the resistance offered by the compresser in moving same from a static position,the entire apparatus tends to swing about the floating support, and, in order to prevent the. apparatus troni striking soundly against the stationary part-s, felt pads 130 and 131 are disposed below the brackets 88 and 89. Thus theJ impact is taken through `said feltpads and in this manner the starting noises are minimized. In order to limit upward swinging movement of the apparatus during the starting operation, a bracket 132 is`provided which carries felt strips 133 projecting above the angle irons 86 and 87 so that when the compressor endet the apparatus moves' upwardly an abnormal amount, the movement of the angle irons 86 and 87 will andthe felt pads 133 absorb the f shock. A Bracket 132'is screw-threaded on to the bolt'92 and'is adjustable so as to provide the'. desired clearance between the angle iron and said belt. Bolts 91 and 92carry nuts 135 and 136 .which can be turned downwardly upon the portions 90 of the U-shaped brackets 88 and 89 to force said brackets in cngagement with. the feltspads 130and131'for' tightly locking the apparatusin' position. In this manner the apparatus can be placed in stable position for'shipment.

A lsuction pipe 137v is connected to the crankca'se 100 by a coupling 138 and is provided with a large U-bend L39. The outletrf end of the compressor 25 is connected with a 'shut-off valve 140, which in turn is connectedlwith a pipe 141 and a U-shaped bend 142 connected with the condenser 27. These U-bends provide a yielding.l connection from the compressor to the receiver and evaporator. This condenser inclu'des a plurality of elongated turns lot pipe-arranged transversely tothenrotor axis and disposed parallel with the motor fan28 and provides a guard for the fan 28. The lower end of this conydenser 27' is connected to a receiver 144 through a coupling 145. This receiver is secured to the rails 7 3 and 74. by clamps 146 and screws 147. The Vclamps 146 are provided with upwardly bent portions 148. Condenser spacing and supporting brackets 150 are provided with horizontally bent portions adapted to be interposed between the lportions 148 of tlie .brackets 146 and the re ceiver 144 for securing same in position. These brackets 150 extend on the outside of theends of the condenser 27 and strips 152y l i are secured thereto by screws 151 on the inside of the condenser whereby to clamp the turns of the condenser in spaced relation with one another.

In operation, the fan 28 causes air to be `circulatedw/thro'ugh the machine compartpass overthe condenser and then the motor,

and then lil-ow transversely over the opposite end of the loops whence it is expelled from the machine compartment. A large portion of circulating air will low substantially parallel with the loops, from the left to the 'right side, without passing over the compressor or motor. Thus, air will flow across .I both ends ofI the condenser and sweep par; allel with the middle portion.

By arranging the apparatus so that air can circulate throughone Wall, other than 5 the front wall, warni-.air from the `machine' compartment -will not enter -the -food compart-` ment nor will cold air be withdrawn from the food compartment by the fan28.when

thefdoor 51 is open andwhen the apparatus. 1o S in operation.

The switch 31 lis carried-by rails 72 and 73 `and a fuse terminal block 154 (see Fig.

2) is secured to rails 72 andr74'.` The ,circuit to the motor .includes a wire 155, a fuse 156,

. wire 157 switch 31, Wire VV1'58,m otor `26, wire! 159, fuse160 andwirel-161-.fl`heyvires 158 and 159 are heldin place oy-"a clip 162 which issecured to the'bracket 150 byl screws 151.

the strips 168 are'secured to the bracket 167 byscrews170. The-How ofrefrigerant to the evaporator is controlled by an expansion valve 172, the inlet end of which is conneetf ed with the receiver 144 by a Apipe 173 an d a v l 'i' 1 Likewise the entireapparatus can be re- 'moved from the cabinet as a' unit atten the lmachine compartment cover 222is1 removed.

shut-olf 'valvel 174.

the .inner coil 165,' ai1d7is` ada A to receive a plurality ofice trays 177. i eans are prothis means comprises a shi'e 178 which is interposed between the coils 165 and 166 ad- 'jacent the sides'and top of coi 165 and thismeans also includes a shield 1 9 disposed be- -lcw the coil 165 and between said coil and -coil 166. The'shields 178 and 179'ca'n be made of a single sheet of material but can f'be more readily assembled when made\ as shown. The shields are provided with projecting portions 180 for spacing the major;

' portion thereof from the `coil 165. Spacers 180 are interposed between thecoils 165 and 166 for holding the inner coil 165 in spaced relation with respect to .coil 166. A 'plu' 'rality of lins 182 are thermally secured to the under-'side of the coolin unit 24. These f'- fins are shown as attache 'at the bottom of i coil 166 and'extend parallel with the turns' fof saidcoil. v vv The refrigerating compartment 21 is di- A closed-back eleve-176 is disposed within` vided for insulating vthe in er-coil 1657and' u pertinent and a oodcompartment, provides vided into a food or storage compartment 185 v 190havingopenings 191 in their upper ends the' front and rear with inwardly extending flanges 196 and 197 respectively. A removable front 198 is secured "to the flanges 196 -by thumb screws199. The llower end of the front 198 extends in back of the lower flange i1954 forJ'the purpose of conducting water, which may condense on lthe front wall, to the bottom wall-.188. The k)front 198-is provided withan opening 200 in alignment with the ice trg: 177 for the purpose oferemoving said ice rays through said front wall. The ex- "..pansion valve 172 is disposed `between the outer coi1'166 and the bottom 188 and adjacent the front of 'the compartment.. By revmovingth'e front 198, access may be had to' the valve 172, in case adjustment is necessary. Braces201 aresecured'to lthe bottom flan e 195 and the rearvflanaes 197 to insure stahl lau ity for the partition. -Depressed lportions 202 are rdvided in thebottom wall 188 of the A`p.art1t on 187.' One of said depressed portions 204 provides a. connection for a drain pipe 203. These Vdepressed portions 202 form4 feetfor the refrigerating apparatus. The entire refrigerator apparatus including the topwall-23 for the compartment 2 1 Y.

and the partit-ionwall 187 comprising a unitary 4structure which can be assembled as such and then attached tothe finished cabinet.

The partition Wall 187, which divides there-- frigerating compartment into a cooling coma base for the refrigerating apparatus Whereby the refrigerating apparatus may be placed in an uprightposition on the floor or on a platform as is clearly shown' in Figs. 12 and 13. Handles 205 are secured at convenient places upon the.. base 23 torthe purpose of or to withdraw'same from t e cabinet. .A

A drippan 206 is interposed betweenthe' cooling.; unit 24 and the bottom Wall 188 of the vpartition and is 'spaced fromsaid partiward lthe drain pipe 203 and is perforated as at 208 forconducting water to the depression 204in the -bottom'wall-188. Pan 206 is pro-l vided with an elongated opening 209 which is arrangedin alignment with the opening `189'in the wall188. The.space betweenthe -wall 188 and the pan 206. provides a dead air llifting the apparatus for lacing `same into 'tion by spacci' 207. This pan 206 slopes tol 188-respectively, anfelongated vsliield210 is disposed above saidopenings and is spaced therefrom to provide air passages, 211. Relativelywarm airfrom the storagefcompartment passes upwardly through the side lues 213, formed by the side wallsl 190 of the partition and the cabinet lining 54, and

` enters through the openings 191 in the wall y this cooling unit as herein 190 and'iows longitudinally over the tins 182 and through the passage 211 and openings 209 and 189 and through the storage compartment. The back of partition 187 is open and a portion of the air, passing from the cooling compartment 186 to the food compartment 187, will flow through said open back. Certain advantages are present in this type of construction, that in case articles are placed under the opening 189, the liow of air therethrough may be impeded. However, air can ow through the open back and then downwardly into the storage compartment.

The cooling unit 24, and particularly the inner coil 165, are disposed adjacent the top of the refr/igerating compartment 21, and due to the inlet openings 191 leadingto the cooling compartment 186, being relatively low, and due to the factthat the coils 166 are isolated from the remaining portion of the cooling unit 24, the relatively warm air will not strike the freezing coil 165. In this inanner the coolingvunit is provided with a freezing portion and an air cooling portion. Moreover, the refrigerant to the evaporator is directed from the expansion valve to the coil 165 and then to the coil 166. In this manner the coil 165 contains the coldest refrigerant. By constructing and arranging disclosed, quick freezing or congealing of substances in the ice trays 177 is obtained, while at the same time the temperature of the air cooling portion of the cooling unit is not reduced to such a low temperature as to cause freezing of the foods within the food compartment.

Switch 31 comprises a base 215 including legs 216 which are secured to rails 72 and 73 by screws 217 and includes a raised platform 218. A bracket 219 is secured to the platform 218 and is provided with slots 220 and a fulcrum pin 221. Upwardly-extending ears 223 disposed adjacent the other end of the platform 218 carries a fulcrum pin 224 for pivotally mounting a lever 225. of this lever carries a contact 226 which is arranged to engage a contact 227 and a nonareing Contact 228 which are resiliently carried bv a post 229 secured to the platform.

218. Said end ofthe lever 225 is also provided with upwardly extending ears 230 which are screw-threaded to receive an ad' justing screw 231 having a fulcrum pin 232. A compression spring 233 is interposed between the pins 231 and 221 and is adapted to Ymove quicklv to quickly make and break the connection between contacts 226 and 227 when the fulcrum pins 232, 221, and 224 are brought in alignment.

A plate 234 isflocated below the platform 218 and is held in spaced relation therefrom by a spacing ring 235 and is secured thereto by bolts 236. A plate 237 is interposed between the ring 235 and the platform'218 in order to prevent buckling of the platform 218 when the bolts 236 are drawn. The spacing ring 235 andthe plate 237 provide a chamber 238 which is arranged to receive a pressure. responsive device/ 239. @his device includes spaced flexible diaphragms 24() and 241 having telescopinglanges secured to one another as by soldering and areprovided with a retaining ring 242. The lower diaphragm 240 is perforated to receive a coupling 243 which extends through the plate.

234 and is held in position on said plate by a nut 244. The coupling 243 is also connect# ed with a tube 245, which tube' is connected with the thermo-responsive bulb 30. The upper diaphragm 241 carries a plate 247 which plate carries a pin 248 extending through the platform 218. The end of lever 2LT) receives a socket 249 threaded into lever 225 which socket receives the pin 248 and is held in position by a lock nut 250. A spring 252 extends through the platform 218 and is inter- Lposedpbetween an ear 251, formed on plate 235, and a Screw 253.- This screw is threaded into) the lever 225 and is held in position l by a lock nut 254. Increased pressure within the bulb 30 cause-s .the device 239 to eftpand,

forcing the pin 248 upwardly and the eontact 226 downwardlyand when the pressure within the bulb 30 and the device 239 attains a predetermined value, Contact 226 will quickly engage contact 227 to complete the circuit4 to the motor. When the pressure withinl the bulb recedes, the spring 232 will forcethe lever 225 in a cloekv. llirection and as soon as the fulcrum 231 paf-es a dead center position with respect to fulcruni 221 and fulcrum l224, contact 226 will separate quickly from contact 227.

The switch 31, and the bulb 30 which constitute the controller for the refrigerating apparatus can be assembled as a unit, the bulb 30 being insertable through an opening 256 in the corkfwall 80. The point at which the tube 245 passes through the plate. 82 is sealed with a grommet 257 and the opening 256 may be filled with suitable insulating material such ,as kapok 258. The bulb 30 is placed in directpcontact with the back wall of the ice tray sleeve 176 so as to be. responsive to the substance within the ice trays as i to be heated quicker than normal to again mart the refrigerating cycle.

Referring to Fig. 17, the expansion valve '172 includes a main body 260. providing a chamber 261. Body 261 is provided with ,aligned .outwardly and inwardly extending bosses 262' and 263. Pipe 173 leading from the receiver 144 is connected with the boss 262. These bosses provide a passage 264 and boss 263 vprovides a relatively small transverse passage 265 connected with passage 264. Opposite the boss 262 is a hollow bossi 266 leading from the chamber 261 and at'which the linner coil 165 ofthe evaporator 24 is connected. One side of the body 260 is open and is provided with 'a flexible Wall herein shown as a diaphragm 267'. This wall is held in place by a cover plate-268 which Ais secured to the body 260 by bolts 269. Plate v268 is secured as 'at 270 to receive a diaphragm protecting plate 271. A rod 272 extends through the plate 2.71 and diaphragm 267 and 4is provided with a shoulder partition 273.

A yoke member 274 is carried by the dia= phragm 267 within the chamber 261, the diaphragm and plate 271 being securely clamped between the yoke and the shoulder portion 273. The cover plate 268 is provided with a threaded open-ing which' receives an' adjustable ring 275 having a slot for receiving a turning tool wherebyto move the ring inwardlyor outwardly. The outer end of the rod 272 carries a collar 276 held in place by vthe hollow plate and a. cotter pin 277. A spring 278 is interposed between ring 27 5 and collar 276 and the tension thereof may be varied by movement of the ring `275. A- plug 280 closes the end'of i gasket 281 preventsleakage at this joint.

Yoke 274 surrounds the end ofbdss 263 and is threaded to receive a needle valve 282. The

refrigerant to the evaporator.

pa-rent that, during the operation' of the sysouter end of the threaded opening in yoke 274 is tapered to receive a split lock nut 283 which is threaded onto valve- 282'. A plug- 284 in the body 260 can b e removed to pro- -vide access to the valve 282 and lock nut chamber attains a certain'high value, the

valve 282 will close to shut' oiithe flow of Thus it is aptem, valve 27() normallytendsto maintain a `constant pressure within the evaporator 24.

It is desirable to `maintain theback side of the diaphragm rcovered to prevent moist air from circulating adjacent said diaphragm. If-air wer'efpermitted to circulate in back of the diaphragm, a frost wouldV collect there- 5 on and this frost would materially affect the operation of the valve. Merely sealing the back of the diaphragm will not entirelyI remove defects, due to changes in operation of thevalve, because the air in back of the diaphragm will be chilled and, due to the back side being sealed, the pressure on the back side will decrease. Hence .under certain coni ditions, for example, at the start of the refrigeratmg cycle, when the valve is relatively warm, relatively high pressure is present in back of the diaphragm, and, after there-1; `frigerating Cycle has continued for a while,

-the valve will be colder and a lower pressure is present in back of the diaphragm. These changes in pressure 'often cause a decrease in efficiency of operation.

In order to cause the valve 172 to function y more correctly under varyingconditions, a

governing device has been provided for controlling the pressure in the back of the diaphragm. This device is herein shown as comprising a fluidbulb 285 which is connected to the backside of the diaphragm by a tube- 286 and a coupling 287.-, This bulb is disposed outside the zone of direct cooling in fluence of the evaporator and isherein shown located withinthe machine compartment 22 and held in placeby a bracket 288,.tl1e tube v286 extending throughl the top cork board 80.

By applyingthe bulb, not only7 the air in back of the diaphragm, but also the air in the bulb and tube 286 must be chilled b efdre the pressure on the back side of the diaphragm will be decreased. And, it is readily apparont that any desired pressure maybe obtained in back of the diaphragm. For example, the bulb may be placed in such location within the machine compartment so that the temperature of the fluid within the bulb will be intcreased artificially and it may be filled with a' volatile fluid. For practical purposes it has' been found desirable to maintain air in the bulb and to carry same as shown in which the bulb is subjected to environment temper ature within the machine compartment 22, which temperature will be ordinarily a little higher than room temperature.

- From t e foregoing it can be seen that the refrigerating system will operate at a higher back pressure 1n warm weather or .in a warm environment. This feature of the invention is meritorious in that a relatively high back pressure is desirable in Warm weather and a lower .back pressure is desirable in colder weather; since, as Well understood, higher eliciency' is attainable with a relatively high room than in relatively cold weather or room, because a higher pressure' will bemain-l tained in back of the diaphragm in the warmydesirable in Warmering phases do not take consequently, quickly in colder Weather. Therefore, it is' desirable to prolong therefigerating phase in colder Weather ,and this can be accomplished by reducing the back pressure in the system. The governing -device herein shown regulates producel environment temper Within the bulb285 decreases and less force is applied to the back side of the diaphragm; Therefore, a lower pressure must be produced inthe evaporator andin the expansion valve chamber Qlbefore the valve 282 opens. p

Thus it is apparent that the governing dethe back pressure automatically to thedesired results, because, vas the vice herein shown causes the system to function properly under different climatical conditions, in that after the valve is ence adjusted, it will automatically maintain the) de.- sired back pressure for efficient operation in warm Weather and provides for quickly freezing or congealing substances in'colder Weather. By virtue of providing a device which Will automatically maintain a correct back pressure in the system regardless of environment temperature changes, the adj ustment ,made by the manufacturer will 'be suitable Whether the refrigerator is shipped to a Warmer orcolder clima-te orJvhether the refrigerator; is placed in a cold room f or; a warm room. Y

It is ap p arent from the foregoingthathave provided a refrigerator the mainadvantagcs lof which maybe stated are low manufacturing costs, efficient operation, and quick freezme. thi; partition 187 can be manufactured as a subassembly and shipped separate from the finished cabinet and then readilyinstalled. therein. Quick freezing is insured While de.-

f sircd temperatures are maintained for cooling the storage compartment', the cooling unit being constructed and-arranged to provide a cooling portion an-d a freezing portion in which the latter portion is insulated as Well as isolated from the circulating governing device for theexp ansion valve providing for quick freezing in coldenviron-V ment While maintaining high efhciency in Warm environment.

While the form of embodiment of the in-l high b'ack pressure in Therefore, the period for freezing isl ature falls, the pressure.

'spaced from' the lvidi'ng for/)the ilov.1

The refrigerating-apparatus including air, and the vention as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming Within the scope of the claims which follow.

vWhat is claimed is as follows:

1. A household cabinet, comprising in combination With a cabinet having a door opening wall; of a removable cover for said latter opts-ning; a coolingunit Within the cabinet; and la partition Wall separating said cabinet into a food compartment'and a compartment containing said unit, .said Wall being spaced from the cooling unit and flow of air about the cooling'nnit for cooling the air passing through said compartment, said partition Wall being removable bodily through said latter opening.

2. Abhousehold cabinet, comprising in cornbination with a cabinet having an opening in the top avall thereof; of a removable cover providing for the in one side thereof and an opening in the top forv said opening; a cooling unit Withinthecabinet; and a partition wall separating said cabinet intoy a food compartment and a compartment containing said unit, said wall being cooling unit and providing for the'iow of air about the cooling unit for cooling the air passing through said compartment, said partition Wall depending from the cover and removable from the cabinet with the cover. e

3. A. household refrigerator, comprising in combination with a cabinet having an opening in one Wall thereof; of a removable cover for said opening; a cooling unit Within the cabinet; and a partition wall .separatingsaid cabinet into a food compartment and a ccmpartment eontainingrsaid unit, said partition wall including portions extending along the bottom and along one side of thecooling unit and providing passa-ges for the circulation of air between said compartments, being spaced from the cooling unit and prounit for cooling the air passing through said -compartmenm said partition Wall being removable bodily through said openingn 4, household refrigerator, comprising in combination `with a cabinet havin g an opening in one wall thereof ;-of a. removable coverv for said opening; a cooling unit Within the "cabinet: and a partition Wall separating said cabinet into a food compartment and a compartment containing said `unit.said partition wall includingportions extending along the bottom and on opposite sides of the cooling unit and providing vpassages for the circulation of air bettveen said compartments, said Wall being spaced from the cooling unit and providing for the iiovv of air about the coolunit for. cooling the air passing through said compartment, said partition Wall `being removable bodil-ythrough said opening,

5. A household refrigerator, comprising in combination with a cabinet having an opensaidv Wall of air about the cooling' ing in one wall thereof; and a unitary structurevincluding a cover for said opening," a cooling unit within the cabinet on me side of said cover, means on a different side of said cover for circulating refrigerating medium through said unit, and a partition wall separating said cabinet into a. food compartment and a compartment containing said unit, said medium through said unit, and a partition wall carried by said cover and separating sai cabinet into a food compartment and a com partment containing said unit, said wall being'spaced from the cooling 'unitf and providing for the lowpf air.l about the cooling' unit for cooling the air passing through said "compartment U 7..- Ahouseholdrefrigerator, compllslng mobo chilled along'the underside of the conunder side thereof, means'carried on Atop-'of4 in combination, a cabinet ,having an opening,

combination with va cabinet havinganopening in tlietop wall thereof; and a unitary strupture includinga cover foi-.said opening, a cooling unit carried by the cover von the said cover for circulating refrigerating medi.- uin through said unit, and a partitign Wall separating said cabinet linto a foodcompartment and la. compartmentcontaining' said unitrsaid wall beingspaced frointhe cooling unit and providing for theow of air about the cooling unit-*for c ooln through said compartment.

8. .A refrigcratingapparatus' comprising.

in combination, a cabinetfa cooling' unit withi'n the cabinet; means for circulating a refrigerating mediumftlirough said unit;v and a wall enclosing" a portion of said cooling'unit. and arrangedto divide saidcabinet into a food compartment and a vcompartment containing said unit,. saidwall being spaced from the lcooling unitjand providing for the flow of air .about thecooliniinit' fo.r;-"cooling the a-ir pa'ssin throu'ghfsai compartinent,fsaid Wallprov'r ing abuse for said refrigerating apparatus when removed from the. cabinet. i

. 9. A refrigeratin'g apparatus comprising.

a cover for closing the opening; in the cabinet;

' a vcooling unit disposed on `one side of said cover; means disposed on the other side of said cover for circulating a refrigerating medium through said unit; vand a Wall enclosing al portion of said cooling unit and arranged to divide said cabinet into a food compartment and a compartment containing said 3 unit, said wall being? spaced from the cooling g the air passing. A

Q10. A. refrigeratin'g apparatus comprising' u combination, -a cabinet having an opening,

inv a cover for the opening in. said cab1net;.a cooling unit disposed below said cover; means disposed above said c over for'circulating a refrigerating medium through .the coohng cooling unit and nient containing said unit', l'saidl wall being spaced from the'cooling unit the-'flow of air about the coo in coolingI the air passing through sai unit for refrigerating apparatus when removed from the cabinet. .l f'

l-l. Az refrigerator, nation, cabinet including acontainer forrefrigerating .medium 'and in's thermlly `connected with and extending below :said container,and

means-for directing the circulation of air to comprising in combitainera'nd ir contact with-the fins.

1'2.,'Arefrigerator`, comprising in combination,'a cabinet, horizontally l elon eratiiig medium4 isptsed within the :cabinet a. cooling unit includin a relatively close'to the op thereof, a plurality of horizontally elong ted fins therinnllyconroviding for ated container for refrig unit; and a wall enclosing a portion of said arrang d todividesaidcabinet into afood compa ment.andacompartf 'compartl ments, said wall providing 'a base for said Aa cabinet, a cooling unit Within the nectedwith and disposed below the container,

and means for directing-the circulation of air to be chilled along-the 'under side of the container and'along the iins. I

u 1 3. Arefrigerator, comprising in combination, a cabinet, a cooling unit'within the cabinet including a container for v refrigerating medium and a plurality nectedwith and disposed below the container, and an enclosure for a portion of the cooling unit constructed and arranged 'to-pro-' rios* of fins thermally conl vide for the admissionI of relatively warm air tothe cooling unit adj a-ent a side of the'coii-4 tainer, amid-for directing theairalong the under side. of the containerandin contact with the fins, and furthe egressv ofair below4v the container. l v f ,y 14. .A refrigerator, comprising in combination, a cabinet, a cooling unit 'within the cabi-v net including a container for frefrigerating medium and a .plurality offins' v@thermally vconnected with and disposedbelo-w the container, andan enclosure for a portion ofthe cooling'unit constructed and arranged to-provide for the admission of relatively warm air to the "cooling unit througlithe opposite sides of thev enclosure,4 land for directing'the air 'along the under side .of 4thecontain'er in contact with the fins, and for the egress of lair through the "bottom of the y,enclosure intermediate its ends.. "15. A refrigerator, comprising in combination, a cabinet, a1 container for refrigerating 5 mediumv disposed within and ademt-the top v I' ofthe cabineta partition 'wall spaced a substantial distance belowthe container, a heat absorbing iin thermally lconnected with said container and disposed between said container andv partition wall, and a valve for control- 'I 25 tion, a cabinet, a'cooling unit carried adjacent the .top of the cabinet, a partition wall below. saidv cooling unit, said cooling unit being constructedand arranged to provide an upper freezing portion and an air cooling portion between the freezing portion and the partition wallfins connected to the cooling unit and disposed between the freezing'portion and the partition wall, and means for directing the circulation of air to be chilled in contact with said fins.

19. A refrigerator comprising in combination, a cabinet having a opening in one wall thereof and a unitary structure including a wall portion adapted to cover said o ening, a refrigerating apparatus carried by t e wall portion, said refrigerating apparatus includlng a cooling unit and means for circulating re r wall orming a part of said unitary structure,

the receiver, and common means for clamp-l ing the receiver'to the support and the condenser on the receiver.

21. In combination, a chamber to-be refrigerated an evaporator within the chamy ber and ad for circulating refrigerant lthrough said -gvaporaton a valve responsive to the pressure i erant through said unit, and a partition said wall belng spaced from the cooling unit y apted to cool Isaid chamber, means of the refrigerant in the evaporator for controlling the flow thereof to the evaporator,

. and means responsive to the vtemperature con- 4operation resulting from Q variation in the temperature of the evaporator.

23. A refrigerating apparatus, .comprising in combinatlon, a chamber to be cooled, an

the pressurewithin the. evaporator forcontrolling the flow of refrigerant to said evaporator, and means responsive to the temperal.evaporator within the chamber and adapted to cool said chamber, a valve responsive to ture conditions outside of the chamber, said last means tending to oppose changes in valve operation resulting from variation in temperature Within the chamber.

24. A refrigerating apparatus, comprising in combination, a chamber to be refrigerated, an evaporator Within said chamber and adapted to cool said chamber, means for circulating refrigerant through saidv evaporator, a. valve responsive to the pressure within the evaporator for controlling the flow of refrigerant to said evaporator, said valve including aflexible Wall, one side of which is subjected to the pressure Within the evaporator, and pressure responsive means acting on the other side of said flexible wall and responsive to the temperature conditions `outside the chamber, said last means tending to oppose changes in valve operation resulting from variation in the temperature of the evaporator.

25. A refrigerating apparatus, comprising in combination, a chamber to be refrigerated, an evaporator Within said chamber and adapted to cool said chamber, means for circulating refrigerant through saidevaporator, a valve responsive to the pressure within the evaporator for controlling the flow ofrefrigerant to saidA evaporator, said-valve including a exible wall, one side of which is subjected to the pressure within the evaporator, and pressure responsive means acting on the opposite side of said iiexible wall'and responsive to the temperature conditions outside of said chamber, said last means tending to oppose changes inv valve operation resulting from variation in the temperature of the chamber.

26. A refrigerating apparatus, comprising in combination, a chamberto be refrigerated, an evaporator within said chamber and adapted to cool said chamber, means for ,cir-

culating refrigerant throughsaid evaporator,

a valve responsive to the pressure within the which is subjected to tem e'rature connected with the opposite side of said ilex- `nature.

ible wall and responsive to the temperature conditions outside the chamber, said device.-v

tending to oppose changes in valve operation 1Q resulting from' variation in the temperature of the evaporator. 27. The method -of regulating the expansion of a. refrigerant within an evaporator, which consists in expanding the refrigerant in re" 'l5- orator and in response to temperature out side the chamber cooled by the refrigerant. 28. The method of regulating the expan sion of a refrigerant within an eva orator which `consists 1n expanding the refrigerant in response to the condition of the refrigerant in the eva orator and in response to tempera-f ture` outsl e the chamber cooled by the evaporator. r j '29. The method of regulating the expan-'u sion of a refrigerant within an eva orator which consists in expanding the refrigerant lin response tothe pressure of the refrigerant in the evaporator and in response to temperature outside thechamber cooled by the evaporator. f The method of regulating the expansion of a refrigerant within an evaporator, which; consists in expanding the refri rant in re spouse tothe environment coole .bythe-evaporator and 'in 'response to-an enclosed fluid outsidethe ohamberooled by the re rigerant. 31.-' Th'emethodof.regulating the expansion 0l ofv a refrigerant within an evaporator'whichvconsists in expanding the refrigerant in' res onse ktothe c'ondition of the refrigerant int `e evaporator and in response to an enclosed' fiuidwhich is subjected to temperature outside the chamber cooled by the evaporator. 32. The method of regulating-the expansion ofa'refrigerant within an eva orator I which consists inexpanding therefrigerant` in response to the pressure of the refrigerant in the eva rater and in response to an en` --closed flui whichfissubjected to conditions outside the chamber cooled by the evaporator.. 33. A cooling unit comprisin a set of clongated `refrj rant-conductingzing-loops, a set ofi e ngated refrigerant-'con ucting- .cooling loops'spaced from and surrounding' -s'aidfreezing1oops `and a heat absorbing fin connected onl wit the coolin loops. 34. In-com ination, a box- 'ke structure having `ayfood compartment and a machine' compartment, thefront wall-of said compart. ments-being common to both compartments fixed-and having a door opening for the food --compartmenh jsaid machine compartment be'- 65 ingopen in the back; a refrigerator condenser sponse to the environment cooled by the evap.-

' within the machine compartment'.;, and means'.

within the machine compartmentfor circulating air through. said opening and about ysaid condenser.

In testimony whereof I hereto ailix xny'sig 'HARRY B. HULL. t 

